Mushrooms of Belarus grow from April until frost. The study of the whole variety of autumn species makes it possible to collect a large and tasty harvest.
Mushrooms of Belarus
Description of mushroom spots
Mushrooms of Belarus prefer to grow on soddy, as well as calcareous and podzolic soils. The humus content in calcareous soils is low, therefore, their fertility will be low.
Most of them grow near Vitebsk, Minsk.
The best places to pick mushrooms in Belarus:
- Logoyshchina;
- Ilya village;
- the village of Stolbtsy;
- Khatyn section of the forest;
- Talca station.
The mushroom picker maps show you all the routes you need to get to the picking places. Many edible species grow in different parts of Belarus. People specially go to Belarus for various forest gifts, they grow in lighted areas, in coniferous, mixed, deciduous forests, near stumps, roads.
Some specimens grow alone, others in groups.
Time of appearance of mushrooms
They come to Belarus in the spring and stay until the onset of frost in the fall. The mushroom season in Belarus depends on the weather. Mushroom spots hide certain species at any time of the year; in order to find them, you will need to carefully study the growth calendar.
Autumn mushrooms
In the autumn season in Belarus, mushroom places are replenished with edible species, if they have enough moisture and warm weather.
Honey mushrooms
Edible specimens of this species have the following description:
- thin and high leg with a film ring;
- yellow-brown caps, medium in size, in the form of a bell in young specimens, later prostrate;
- harvested from late summer to November;
- when collecting, it is required to save the mycelium.
Mosswheel
The map of Belarusian mushroom places is supplemented by a tubular variety of the Boletov family. Description of the flywheel:
- dry and velvety hat, occasionally with cracks;
- the pulp is white, red, yellow, turns blue on the cut;
- wrinkled surface at the leg;
- spore powder of brown tint.
An experienced mushroom picker can easily distinguish this species from the rest.
White mushroom
White mushroom is highly prized
The second name is boletus. For a mushroom picker, finding a porcini mushroom is considered a great success. Its description is as follows:
- common in illuminated glades;
- found near forest roads, paths, in areas of birch groves;
- the leg is white, voluminous, sometimes with brown veins, the base is cylindrical;
- a dense velvety hat of white or brown colors;
- white pulp;
- grows in moss.
It is possible to collect fruit both in summer and autumn.
Chanterelles
These edible mushrooms grow since summer, and they can be harvested in the fall. Chanterelles are found in groups in mixed forests, in places with foliage. In one approach, you will be able to collect a full basket of mushrooms. Their description:
- the caps are twisted, often funnel-shaped;
- at the bottom there are folds of thick plates, more precisely - pseudo-plates;
- they got the name because of the rare color.
Death cap
Inedible and poisonous mushrooms in Belarus grow in large volume and are diverse. The most dangerous poisonous specimen in Belarus is the pale grebe. Her characteristic:
- gray or olive convex caps, and in a later period, prostrate;
- white cylindrical leg, thickened below;
- the base of the leg is located in a kind of pouch - a volva, left over from the common blanket;
- the pulp is white, tasteless, odorless.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The pale grebe is skillfully disguised as champignons, ryadovki and russula. Mushroom pickers must, when collecting the mushroom, alert the following points:
- whitish ring on the stem in its upper part, almost under the cap;
- 3-4 bladed Volvo "pouch" into which the leg is inserted with its extended base (the visual effect is created due to the fact that the leg does not grow to the Volvo);
- the color of the outer part of the Volvo can be 3 options: greenish, whitish or yellowish.
The first symptoms of poisoning may not appear immediately, but 10-12 hours after eating. Provided that the victims seek qualified medical help immediately, the recovery of the body may take 1.5 months.
False Foam
These are small inedible mushrooms, with a medium cap, bell-shaped in young specimens, and flattening in adults. In Belarus, there is a species of yellow-red false foams, with a thin and hollow stalk, growing in forest glades. Their flesh is bitter with an unpleasant odor.
This species can confuse the mushroom picker during the picking season.
Amanita muscaria
Poisonous mushrooms of this type of Belarus are well recognizable:
- a bright red hemisphere-shaped hat with white dots, becomes concave as it grows;
- yellow or white leg in the form of a cylinder, thickened at the bottom and placed in the Volvo;
- there is a ring on the leg.
The pig is thin
This species is conditionally edible. Thin pigs are poisonous mushrooms, their description is as follows:
- the cap is flat, with curled edges, olive-brown in juveniles, gray-brown in adults;
- the edges are down;
- the flesh darkens on the cut;
- the leg is smooth, dirty yellow.
By the way. The pig belongs to the group of bioaccumulators of hazardous and toxic compounds from the environment.
Belarus mushrooms 2019! Minsk and Minsk region.
MUSHROOMS SEPTEMBER 2017 BELARUS
Boletus Porcini Mushrooms in August 2019 Belarus Boletus Edulis
Hallucinogenic mushrooms
In Belarus, hallucinogenic species are also represented, which contain an active compound called psilocin. Outwardly, mushrooms resemble toadstools. When using them, euphoria sets in, visual perception changes, hearing disappears. Their frequent use contributes to the development of a painful condition similar to schizophrenia.
Known mushrooms in Belarus belonging to this group:
- paneolus and dung beetle;
- sulfur head;
- hymnopil of Juno;
- mycene is pure;
- the row is smelly;
- hay and woodpecker dung;
- the fiber is acute.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The sulfur head mushroom is rather miniaturized - the diameter of its cap, only at its maximum, hardly reaches 5 cm, although the length of the thick, slightly bent leg can reach up to 10 cm.The cap is durable, its color in dry weather is usually yellow, and the surface is smooth; wet - chestnut and slightly sticky; if damaged, blue spots appear in these areas. In age mushrooms, the cap is already brittle. The mushroom has an interesting feature: when the cap flattens, its edges continue to grow and become wavy.
Hallucinogenic mushrooms have been known to man for several millennia. It is difficult to say when for the first time and how this acquaintance happened, but in some of the cultures of the modern world, their traditional use in carrying out a number of rituals is still preserved.
Conclusion
In autumn, the edible mushrooms of Belarus will delight all lovers of “quiet hunting” with their variety. Poisonous, inedible specimens that are dangerous to human health and life are also common here. Studying the features of each species will allow you not to make a mistake during the "quiet hunt" and collect full baskets of tasty and healthy gifts of the forest.