Thanks to the mild climate, forest gifts are abundant in the mountains. Quiet Hunt is popular with locals and visitors alike. But the poisonous mushrooms of Crimea are a serious danger to the health of people, both local mushroom pickers and visiting lovers of this type of recreation. It is necessary to know their names, descriptions and differences from the true species.
Types of poisonous mushrooms of Crimea
Features of the region
The climate in Crimea is unpredictable. Local mushroom pickers know that the season starts differently every year. Thanks to the warm weather and lack of rainfall, mushrooms are harvested until the first month of winter.
They are found in forests, steppes, in mountain glades. The weather is different in different parts of the peninsula, so the species grow with a delay or accelerated. The season runs from mid-spring to mid-autumn. During this period, species that are valuable in taste are fruitful. Winter mushrooms calmly rest until next year, the gray row bears fruit for a long time.
Edible and inedible mushrooms of Crimea
The description of the poisonous and edible mushrooms of the Crimea is required to know for everyone who decided to go hunting in the mountainous region.
The following valuable edible species grow in Crimea:
- mountain white mushroom;
- boletus;
- morel;
- boletus;
- aspen mushrooms;
- boletus;
- mushrooms;
- chanterelles;
- white champignons;
- value;
- russula;
- oyster mushrooms;
- honey mushrooms.
Gray ryadovki, raincoats, milk mushrooms, bigheads are less tasty. But "little mice", they are gray rows, bear fruit until severe frosts, and they feast on raincoats and bigheads from the first months of spring. Edible morels are considered a delicacy.
Inedible mushrooms are not as dangerous to humans as poisonous ones. Their use in food causes local ailment: mild food poisoning, heaviness in the stomach. Symptoms go away with time and are controlled by absorbents from the home medicine cabinet. These include conditionally edible old, as well as young conditionally edible representatives that have been processed incorrectly.
Crimean poisonous mushrooms
A poisonous mushroom in Crimea is a frequent companion of a mushroom picker. It is imperative that you refuse to collect unfamiliar species. You shouldn't buy mushrooms from your hands.
The names of the most dangerous poisonous mushrooms in Crimea:
- whitish talker;
- fissured fiber;
- fly agaric;
- death cap.
Toxins in the fruiting bodies of inedible mushrooms cause severe poisoning. It comes on quickly and requires immediate medical attention and treatment.
- Whitish talker: in appearance it is similar to mushrooms and podvyshenniki. A hat with an uneven edge reaches 4 cm in diameter and is connected to the stem. The leg is dense, up to 4 cm high. The flesh of the talker has a sweet smell and mushroom taste; it does not darken on cut. The toxin muscarine in high doses is deadly.
Mushrooms cause severe poisoning
- Fissured fiber: the view is distinguished by the characteristic appearance of the hat: it looks like an umbrella with clearly visible cracks. There is a dark brown bump in the center. The species is confused with the May ryadovka, but the edible mushroom has an unpleasant mealy smell.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Fissure fiber is a deadly poisonous fungus that contains muscarine. Eating it in food causes the emergence of "muscarinic syndrome", the first signs of which can appear within 2 hours after eating. When providing first aid, it is important to immediately rinse the stomach and take sorbents: this will help remove the toxin from the gastrointestinal tract and reduce its concentration in the blood. After this, the victim should be sent to a medical institution as soon as possible, where he will be given infusion therapy.
The main condition for the growth of fissured fiber is fertilized soil. This species forms mycorrhiza with hardwood trees (for example, ash, walnut, apple, common birch, etc.). It is found in all types of forests, in apiaries, in parks and forest glades in summer and autumn.
- Amanita muscaria: is familiar to every person by his appearance: a bright red hat with white dots. It is easily recognizable, so even an inattentive mushroom picker will not become a victim of poisoning.
- Death cap: often mushroom pickers are poisoned with the participation of this fungus. To prevent this from happening, you need to carefully inspect each collected copy. For pale toadstool, remember the following:
- under the head there is a characteristic "skirt" - the remains of a private bedspread (covering the spore-bearing plates);
- the base of the leg is widened and resembles a potato tuber;
- the base is surrounded by the remains of a common blanket - a Volvo.
Medium poisonous mushrooms
The names of less poisonous mushrooms in Crimea:
- boletus purple;
- pink wave;
- the chanterelle is false;
- the row is white;
- satanic mushroom;
- dark-scaled champignon.
Poisoning with these species causes indigestion, mild vomiting, fever, and other local symptoms.
- Purple boletus: large species, the cap reaches 25 cm in diameter, the leg is up to 15 cm in height. The shape of the leg is barrel-shaped, with a domed or flat cap on top. It has dark blue spots that are especially visible when pressed. When damaged, light flesh changes its color to black-blue.
- Pink Volnushka: representatives of the species have wide flat caps with pink streaks. There is a recess in the middle of the cap. At the break, the pulp darkens. The leg is cylindrical, hollow. The surface of the fruiting body is slimy, but dries up in hot weather.
- False chanterelle: it is distinguished from a real chanterelle by its leg. In the dangerous species, it is brighter and thinner. The pulp is light orange, with an unpleasant odor. The records are real, i.e. thin (lamellar hymenophore), and not folded (folded hymenophore) as in the common chanterelle.
- Row white: it is often confused with champignon. The differences between this species and the edible mushroom are as follows:
- light plates (the color of the pulp);
- characteristic radish smell;
- flat open hat.
- Satanic Mushroom: looks like a boletus. It has the same barrel shape. The hat is white or cream, sometimes grayish. The leg is barrel-shaped, darker in color, more often red. The flesh of a satanic look darkens at the break. Young bodies smell of spices, and old ones smell like rotten onions. The variety predominates in deciduous forests.
Dark-scaled champignon: differs from edible mushrooms by the presence of dark brown scales on the cap. At the break, the pulp turns yellow and smells unpleasant. In edible varieties, the smell is weak, the pulp slowly turns red when broken.
Mushrooms of Crimea: Pale toadstool and others)
5 deadly poisonous mushrooms of Crimea
Conclusion
In the mountainous region, many types of mushrooms are collected, from valuable white to chanterelle and conditionally edible. Doubles of true edible mushrooms are dangerous for humans: boletus, boletus, champignons. Novice mushroom pickers often confuse them with edible species. The species of fly agaric, toadstools and filamentous are deadly poisonous.