The often forested area pleases the lovers of "quiet hunting" with a good harvest. Mushrooms are not uncommon in the Penza region. Even an inexperienced mushroom picker can find them. The yield depends on the weather - the presence of rain and heat.
Varieties of mushrooms in the Penza region
Honey mushrooms
Several species of these mushrooms grow in the Penza region. The most common is autumn honey.
They are usually collected from August to October. Winter mushrooms - from November to spring (during thaws). They live more often in mixed forests. They grow on stumps and trees in large groups. You can collect 2-3 buckets in one place.
Honey agarics are found in such settlements of the Gorodishchensky district:
- Chaadaevka;
- Meadow Vyselki.
Not far from the regional center is the Akhun forest, in which mushrooms are found in large quantities. They are also rich in forests in the Penza region near the village. Valyaevka, or in the Sosnovoborsky district near the village. Kachim, Inderka and Novaya Lipovka.
Oil
They got their name from the shiny, sticky skin. They grow mainly under coniferous trees, but are also found under birches and oaks.
They prefer forest edges, glades, and forest roads. They don't like dark places. They are found from early summer to mid-autumn. These mushrooms do not like the cold, the comfortable temperature is above + 15˚С. They stop growing when the soil freezes by 2-3 cm.
In the Penza region, butter oil is collected in the following places:
- from. Ilmino (Nikolsky district);
- from. Courtyards (Kuznetsky district);
- from. Kachim, Inderka and Novaya Lipovka (Sosnovoborsky District);
- near the sanatorium "Berezovaya Roscha" (Shemysheysky district).
Milk mushrooms
They grow in groups, families. They are classified as conditionally edible mushrooms. Found in mixed and deciduous forests.
The harvesting season lasts from July to September. They begin to grow after not plentiful, but prolonged rains. The optimum soil temperature is + 8… + 10 ° C. Milk mushrooms are popular among mushroom pickers because they taste good. They are juicy, aromatic and meaty.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The most popular mushroom is Pravsky, which enters into a symbiotic relationship with tree species, giving preference to birch and linden growing in deciduous or mixed forests. It is an active mycorrhizal forming agent. Also, for its development, the age of trees and the level of soil moisture are important: the older the forest is, the soil moisture is closer to the average and a sufficient amount of sunlight - one can hope to meet with a mushroom. For places where the milk mushroom grows, a specific "mushroom" smell is characteristic, which is emitted by a real mushroom.
Gruzdi mushrooms in the Penza region grow in the following areas:
- near the sanatorium "Birch Grove" in the Shemysheysky region;
- Dubrava in front of the village of Mirny, Mokshan District.
Ryzhiki
Mushrooms that grow practically in colonies are found on sandy soil in coniferous forests. Mainly near young pines and larches, but also found in forests. Harvested from July to October. All types are edible. Ryzhiks prefer well-lit areas. They grow every year in the same place. Having collected mushrooms once, the next season it is worth returning to it again.
Fans of saffron milk caps should go to such regions:
- from. Russian Mink (Shemysheysky district);
- from. Lugovye Vyselki, Chaadaevka (Gorodishchensky district).
Russula
There are russula in the forests
There are representatives of edible and inedible species. They grow in July, appear en masse in August, at the beginning of September.
They live under deciduous trees: oak, birch, alder, as well as under spruce and pine trees. The most common species in the Penza region is the white podgruzdo (russula is excellent).
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
White podgruzdok belongs to the genus Russula from the russula family of the same name. Very often mushroom pickers call it "dry milk mushroom", although in fact this species has nothing to do with milk mushrooms and the genus Mlechnik. It's just that outwardly he really looks like a real milk mushroom, but unlike this type, his hat is dry. The cap of the mushroom changes shape and color as it grows: for example, in young specimens it is white, convex, with curled edges, but in older specimens it is concave, covered with spots of yellowish and then ocher color. Also, the color changes additionally due to sticking foliage, lumps of soil, twigs.
Russula also fall into the baskets of mushroom pickers. These mushrooms grow in the vicinity of Penza in the following places:
- Shemshgeysky district - with. Nazimkino, Leninka, Demkino, Naumkino;
- Kamensky district - with. Student.
White mushroom
Popular among mushroom pickers due to its delicate aroma and piquant taste, as well as the property to remain white even after prolonged heat treatment. Found in deciduous, coniferous and mixed forests. Loves light, but also appears in shaded areas. Porcini mushrooms begin to grow in May - June and end in autumn. They do not like too moist soil and low temperatures.
The white mushroom is found in the following settlements:
- for s. Zolotarevka, s. Valyaevka (Penza region);
- from. Lopatino (Belinsky district)
- from. Lugovye Vyselki, Chaadaevka (Gorodishchensky district).
It is also worth going to Sosnovoborsky district, to the village of Nizhny Katmiss. It is far away, but there are many porcini mushrooms growing there.
Poisonous mushrooms
In this area, a deadly poisonous species grows - an orange-red spider web. Pale toadstool is common and is the most dangerous. It is constantly confused with the green russula.
Other poisonous mushrooms are also found:
- fly agaric;
- false mushrooms;
- russula: red, pink, brittle, birch (slightly poisonous, toxic).
Even conditionally edible species can cause poisoning if not properly prepared. Sometimes the mycelium (germinated spores) causes allergies.
Interesting Facts
A resident of the Bekovsky district found a truffle - the most expensive mushroom in the world.
There are also rare species of mushrooms, some of which are included in the Red Book of the RSFSR. For example, Ggifola umbrella, chestnut mushroom, white aspen, pineal fly agaric.
The main mushroom places of the Penza region are the vicinity of the village. Lopatino Belinsky district, as well as with. Meadow Vyselki, Chaadaevka, Gorodishchensky district. All varieties of species are found here. In the Penza region, more waves, morels, lines, pigs, etc. grow.
Conclusion
In the Penza region, autumn mushrooms, white pods, and boletus mushrooms are most often found. They also find boletus, aspen, oak, and chanterelles.
It is better to pick mushrooms away from Penza, because they absorb toxins released into the environment by industrial production facilities of the regional center. Having studied the map of mushroom places, as well as the types of edible mushrooms, you can safely go on a "quiet hunt".